The impact of variety on the effectiveness of crop insurance with state support

Abstract

Abstract The article discusses the issues of agricultural crops varieties resistance in relation to various natural and climatic factors. The damage from the occurrence of emergencies in agricultural production is 95% of the damage arising in crop production. Therefore, crop insurance with state support has significant development potential, especially in regions with dry, sharply continental climate (for example, in the Samara region). At the same time, the impulse associated with the Federal Law No. 260-FZ adoption was completely exhausted and in recent years there has been a decrease in the crop insurance with state support (including the number of contracts, amount of covered area, insurance coverage, etc.). One of the reasons for this is the high cost of insurance rates. To reduce it, it is proposed to introduce the concept of “crop yields sustainability” and calculate the insurance rate depending on the productivity of a particular variety, shown for a long time in climatic conditions similar to farm conditions. To do this, one can use the array of data on crop yields of various varieties obtained by research institutes in the framework of the project “The World Collection”. Negative deviations from the average yield with the same cultivation technology and soil parameters form losses of agricultural producers due to the biological characteristics of this variety and its response to prevailing weather conditions. Thus, it is possible to adjust the amount of insurance payments, reducing them for those varieties that guarantee stable yield for the farms in a given territory.