High temperature W-band complex permittivity measurements of thermally cycled ceramic-metal composites: AlN:Mo with 0.25 to 4.0 vol% Mo from 25 °C to 1000 °C in air

Abstract

Abstract An apparatus for measuring the W-band (75–110 GHz) complex permittivity of dielectrics at 1000 °C was developed. This apparatus allows for measurements at approximately twice the temperature of previously published high temperature free-space measurement systems while maintaining similar precision. Challenges were addressed related to high temperature measurements, including temperature uniformity, the accuracy of temperature measurements, and preventing temperature related changes to mm-wave measurement systems. The details of complex permittivity extraction from the measured S-parameters are discussed. Sources of error related to permittivity measurement and mathematical models were identified and are discussed in detail herein. Thermally-cycled, mm-wave absorbing, aluminum nitride ceramic composites containing varying levels of molybdenum additives were measured over the range of 25 °C–1000 °C. These measurements were compared to the same composites before thermal cycling. It was found that ceramic composites are largely stable after thermal cycling in terms of dielectric properties despite the presence of visible surface modifications.