Essentials of total quality management: a meta-analysis

Abstract

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify critical successful factors for Total Quality Management (TQM) implementation. Design/methodology/approach – A literature review was conducted to explore the critical successful factors for TQM implementation between 1980 and 2010. Findings – A successful TQM implementation need sufficient education and training, supportive leadership, consistent support of top management, customer focus, employee involvement, process management and continuous improvement of processes. Research limitations/implications – The review was limited to articles written in English language during the past 30 years. Practical implications – From a practical point of view, the findings of this paper provide managers with a practical understanding of the factors that are likely to facilitate TQM implementation in organisations. Originality/value – Understanding the factors that are likely to promote TQM implementation would enable managers to develop more effective strategies that will enhance the chances of achieving business excellence.