Experimental investigations of a solar dryer with and without multiple phase change materials (PCM’s)

Abstract

Purpose This paper aims to present a comparative study of a solar dryer with and without multiple phase change materials (PCMs). It also involves designing and fabricating the experimental model of an indirect solar dryer which uses PCMs for thermal energy storage. Design/methodology/approach A corrugated aluminium sheet is used as an absorber plate. Aluminium pipes of 0.75 inch are welded under the corrugated sheet to store the PCM. Here, multiple PCMs are used – one with a high melting point and the other with a low melting point for the purpose of improving efficiency. A single air pass model in which air moves over the absorber plate is used for the study. Air is heated in an air heater section which also contains thermal energy storage. The energy obtained in the air heater section is first used to heat and melt the PCM. Findings Thus, heat energy is stored into the PCM and then the heated air moves into the drying chamber in which drying take place. When the sun’s insolation reduces, discharging from the PCM takes place. Thus, it reduces the fluctuation in the energy and provides continuous energy to the system. Glass wool is used as an insulation material. Different parameters for this air heater-dryer have been calculated. Originality/value The current study enhances the understanding of solar drying process and the developed model with and without multiple phase change materials can be used for optimising the drying process.