Direct imaging of magnetic field-driven transitions of skyrmion cluster states in FeGe nanodisks

Author:

Zhao Xuebing,Jin Chiming,Wang Chao,Du Haifeng,Zang Jiadong,Tian Mingliang,Che Renchao,Zhang Yuheng

Abstract

Magnetic skyrmion is a nanosized magnetic whirl with nontrivial topology, which is highly relevant for applications on future memory devices. To enable the applications, theoretical efforts have been made to understand the dynamics of individual skyrmions in magnetic nanostructures. However, directly imaging the evolution of highly geometrically confined individual skyrmions is challenging. Here, we report the magnetic field-driven dynamics of individual skyrmions in FeGe nanodisks with diameters on the order of several skyrmion sizes by using Lorentz transmission electron microscopy. In contrast to the conventional skyrmion lattice in bulk, a series of skyrmion cluster states with different geometrical configurations and the field-driven cascading phase transitions are identified at temperatures far below the magnetic transition temperature. Furthermore, a dynamics, namely the intermittent jumps between the neighboring skyrmion cluster states, is found at elevated temperatures, at which the thermal energy competes with the energy barrier between the skyrmion cluster states.

Funder

Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

Publisher

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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