Modeling risk factors in preeclampsia for late pregnancies using fuzzy cognitive maps

Abstract

As women delay motherhood, concerns arise about the risks associated with pregnancy at advanced ages. Pregnant women aged 35 and older face an increased likelihood of complications, such as spontaneous abortions and preexisting conditions that can complicate pregnancy, such as hypertension and diabetes. The incidence of hypertensive disorders, such as preeclampsia, also significantly increases in this age group, which can lead to a higher use of cesarean sections and instrumental deliveries, as well as an increase in neonatal morbidity and mortality. This study aims to model the risk factors for preeclampsia in late pregnancies using fuzzy cognitive maps, seeking a better understanding of the complexity of this condition and facilitating the early identification of women at risk. Data collection will be conducted through the review of clinical records and structured interviews with participants, which will complement the existing clinical information. The identification of risk factors, such as obesity and a history of hypertension, is crucial for optimizing prenatal care and improving maternal-fetal outcomes. Additionally, prevention strategies are proposed that include education about the risks, promoting healthy lifestyle habits, and ensuring access to adequate prenatal care, in order to reduce the incidence of preeclampsia and its associated complications in pregnant women aged 35 and older