1. Department of Curriculum and Instruction at North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7801, Raleigh, NC 27695-7801;
. Her research and theoretical interests include Black racial identity development and schooling, multimethods research, motivation, and critical race theory
2. The Ohio State University, 1945 N. High Street, 333 Arps Hall, Columbus, OH 43210-1172;
. Her research and theoretical interests include culturally relevant pedagogy, Black feminist theory, critical race theory and the socio-cultural context of teaching and learning, particularly as it relates to middle childhood and urban education. At the time she researched and co-wrote this article, she was a professor in the Department of Curriculum and Instruction at North Carolina State University