Author:
Grosso Giuseppe,Stepaniak Urszula,Micek Agnieszka,Stefler Denes,Bobak Martin,Pajak Andrzej
Abstract
AbstractObjectiveTo test the association between coffee consumption and risk of all-cause, CVD and cancer death in a European cohort.DesignProspective cohort study. Cox proportional hazards models with adjustment for potential confounders to estimate multivariable hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % CI were used.SettingCzech Republic, Russia and Poland.SubjectsA total of 28561 individuals followed for 6·1 years.ResultsA total of 2121 deaths (43·1 % CVD and 35·7 % cancer mortality) occurred during the follow-up. Consumption of 3–4 cups coffee/d was associated with lower mortality risk in men (HR=0·83; 95 % CI 0·71, 0·99) and women (HR=0·63; 95 % CI 0·47, 0·84), while further intake showed non-significant reduced risk estimates (HR=0·71; 95 % CI 0·49, 1·04 and HR=0·51; 95 % CI 0·24, 1·10 in men and women, respectively). Decreased risk of CVD mortality was also found in men (HR=0·71; 95 % CI 0·54, 0·93) for consumption of 3–4 cups coffee/d. Stratified analysis revealed that consumption of a similar amount of coffee was associated with decreased risk of all-cause (HR=0·61; 95 % CI 0·43, 0·87) and cancer mortality (HR=0·59; 95 % CI 0·35, 0·99) in non-smoking women and decreased risk of all-cause mortality for >4 cups coffee/d in men with no/moderate alcohol intake.ConclusionsCoffee consumption was associated with decreased risk of mortality. The protective effect was even stronger when stratification by smoking status and alcohol intake was performed.
Publisher
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Subject
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Nutrition and Dietetics,Medicine (miscellaneous)
Cited by
21 articles.
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