1. A. Robert Lee , Modern American Counter Writing (New York: Routledge, 2010), 62
2. Jack Kerouac , “The Roaming Beatniks,” Holiday (October 1959), 82
3. “Pieces of a Song [interview with Diane di Prima],” Breaking the Rule of Cool, ed. Nancy M. Grace and Ronna C. Johnson (Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2004), 97
4. Gerald Nicosia , “A Lifelong Commitment to Change: The Literary Non-Career of Ted Joans,” Ted Joans , Teducation: Selected Poems (Minneapolis: Coffee House Press, 1999), i–vii
5. Martin McIntosh , ed., Beatsville (Melbourne: Outré Gallery Press, 2003), 53