Responses of Pests to Fumigation.VII.—The Relation between Fumigation Techniques, Mortality, and the Amount of Hydrogen Cyanide sorbed by Calandra spp.

Author:

Bhambhani H. J.,Blackith R. E.

Abstract

The relation between fumigation techniques, mortality and sorption of fumigant was investigated by two factorial experiments in which adults of Calandra granaria (L.) and C. oryzae (L.) were exposed to hydrogen cyanide at concentrations of 12, 26 or 44 mg. per litre and pressures of 2, 27, 52 and 76 cm. mercury for 30, 60 or 90 min., or at given concentration-time products (36, 72 or 108 mg. hr. per litre), in each of which the time component was 1, 4 or 12 hr., and pressures of 2, 37 and 76 cm. mercury. The methods of fumigation and estimation of sorption and mortality were those used in earlier investigations and the results are shown in a series of graphs.For both species, sorption of hydrogen cyanide increased as the total pressure was reduced, about three times as much being sorbed, in the first experiment, at a pressure of 2 cm. as at atmospheric pressure, the increase in sorptive capacity being greater in the case of C. oryzae than in that of C. granaria. In the second experiment, sorption by both species, for a given concentration-time product, was greater at a high concentration applied for a short period (1 hr.) than at a lower concentration applied for a long period (12 hr.); in the former conditions, C. granaria consistently sorbed more fumigant than did C. oryzae, in the latter, the reverse was the case, and in intermediate conditions (4 hr. exposure), the amounts sorbed by the two species did not differ materially. This result was inconsistent with that of the first experiment, in which C. oryzae sorbed more than did C. granaria during short exposures (30.90 min.).These effects on sorptive capacity of differing conditions of fumigation could account for most of the reported departures from the rule that the biological effects of fumigation can be described by the product of the mean concentration of fumigant applied and the period of exposure. Comparison between mortality and sorption at pressures of 27–76 cm. in the first experiment showed, however, that while these were broadly associated, the increased mortality at higher concentrations was greater than would be expected from the associated increase in sorption, and this discrepancy was significantly larger for C. oryzae than for C. granaria.

Publisher

Cambridge University Press (CUP)

Subject

Insect Science,Agronomy and Crop Science,General Medicine

Cited by 1 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献 订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3