Author:
Vaillancourt Tracy,Haltigan John D.,Smith Isabel,Zwaigenbaum Lonnie,Szatmari Peter,Fombonne Eric,Waddell Charlotte,Duku Eric,Mirenda Pat,Georgiades Stelios,Bennett Teresa,Volden Joanne,Elsabbagh Mayada,Roberts Wendy,Bryson Susan
Abstract
AbstractThe co-occurring development of internalizing and externalizing problems were examined in an inception cohort of 392 children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder at age 3 who were assessed on four occasions. Results indicated that internalizing and externalizing problems were stable over time and highly comorbid. Joint trajectory analysis suggested that 13% of the sample followed a dual high-risk trajectory. High risk was not found to be associated with intellectual ability or autism spectrum disorder symptom severity but was linked to lower income and gender: more girls than boys were found in the high/stable internalizing problems trajectory. The results suggest that 1 in 4 preschoolers followed a trajectory of internalizing or externalizing problems (or a combination of the two) that could be characterized as clinically elevated.
Publisher
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Subject
Psychiatry and Mental health,Developmental and Educational Psychology
Cited by
56 articles.
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