Abstract
Annexins (Anns) play an important role in plant development, growth and responses to various stresses. AlthoughAnngenes have been characterized in some plants, their role in adaptation mechanisms and tolerance to environmental stresses have not been studied in extremophile plants. In this study,Anngenes inSchrenkiella parvulaandEutrema salsugineumwere identified using a genome-wide method and phylogenetic relationships, subcellular distribution, gene structures, conserved residues and motifs and also promoter prediction have been studied through bioinformatics analysis. We identified ten and eight encoding putativeAnngenes inS.parvulaandE.salsugineumgenome respectively, which were divided into six subfamilies according to phylogenetic relationships. By observing conservation in gene structures and protein motifs we found that the majority ofAnnmembers in two extremophile plants are similar. Furthermore, promoter analysis revealed a greater number of GATA, Dof, bHLH and NAC transcription factor binding sites, as well as ABRE, ABRE3a, ABRE4, MYB and Myc cis-acting elements in compare toArabidopsis thaliana. To gain additional insight into the putative roles of candidateAnngenes, the expression ofSpAnn1,SpAnn2 andSpAnn6 inS.parvulawas studied in response to salt stress, which indicated that their expression level in shoot increased. Similarly, salt stress induced expression ofEsAnn1, 5 and 7, in roots andEsAnn1, 2 and 5 in leaves ofE.salsugineum. Our comparative analysis implies that both halophytes have different regulatory mechanisms compared toA.thalianaand suggestSpAnn2gene play important roles in mediating salt stress.
Funder
Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
Publisher
Public Library of Science (PLoS)