A simplified method to improve water distribution and application uniformity for sprinkler irrigation on sloping land: adjustment of riser orientation

Author:

Hui Xin1,Yan Haijun1,Zhang Lin2,Chen Junying3

Affiliation:

1. College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China

2. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China

3. College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China

Abstract

Abstract To improve the water application uniformity for sprinkler irrigation on sloping land, indoor tests were conducted on an artificial slope (slopes of 0, 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15) to evaluate the effects of two riser orientations, vertical (VO) and perpendicular (PO) to the slope, on the uniformity of sprinkler rotation, radius of throw, water distribution of an individual sprinkler and the overlapped water application uniformity (WAU). Compared with the VO, the PO could effectively improve the water distribution on sloping land and minimize the risk of soil erosion. Additionally, the PO was superior in the WAU, and a rectangular arrangement could dramatically enhance the WAU at smaller sprinkler spacing, while larger acceptable sprinkler spacing was accepted in a triangular arrangement. The riser orientation and sprinkler spacing had the most significant effect on the WAU, followed by the slope and sprinkler arrangement, suggesting that the adjustment of riser orientation or sprinkler spacing was helpful in improving the WAU. However, from the aspects of investment cost and installation convenience for irrigation projects, the method of PO was recommended. Therefore, when designing the sprinkler irrigation systems on the slope, choosing PO is the simplest and most effective way to achieve good irrigation uniformity.

Funder

National Key Research and Development Program of China

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province

Publisher

IWA Publishing

Subject

Water Science and Technology

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