Occurrence of Cyanobacteria and microcystins in hydroelectric reservoirs used for fish farming

Author:

Falcone-Dias Maria Fernanda1,Rodrigues Marianna Vaz2,Nielsen Jeppe Lund3,de Jonge Nadieh3,Jørgensen Niels O. G.4,Alonso Diego Peres2,David Gianmarco S.1,da Silva Reinaldo José5,Araújo Júnior João Pessoa2

Affiliation:

1. São Paulo State Agency for Agribusiness Technology (APTA) at Jaú, CP 66 Jaú, São Paulo, CEP 17340-000, Brazil

2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Biosciences Institute, Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP) at Botucatu, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, SP CEP 18618-689, Brazil

3. Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, DK-9220 Aalborg, Denmark

4. Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark

5. Department of Parasitology, Biosciences Institute, Univ. Estadual Paulista (UNESP) at Botucatu, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, Botucatu, SP CEP 18618-689, Brazil

Abstract

Abstract Fish farming can have a negative impact on water quality and aquatic organisms due to emerging blooms of Cyanobacteria and the production of cyanotoxins. In this study, the effect of aquaculture in hydroelectric reservoirs in Brazil was evaluated in six fish farms and in upstream and downstream water through analysis of the microbiome, Cyanobacteria and microcystin concentrations. Synechococcus and Microcystis were observed at all six locations, while Limnothrix was also observed abundantly at two locations. An increase in the relative abundance of Cyanobacteria inside the fish farms was observed at two locations, while an increase of Cyanobacteria was observed in downstream at five of the six locations. Microcystins were detected in significant and high values in all locations, with concentrations up to 1.59 μg/L. The trend in microcystin concentrations was mirrored in copy numbers of the mcyE gene (encodes microcystin synthetase) and presence of Microcystis, but not in any of the other observed cyanobacterial groups. In summary, the study shows that aquaculture production influenced the water microbiome inside and downstream the fish farms, and a direct correlation was found between mcyE gene copies, microcystin production and abundance of Microcystis, but not for the total abundance of Cyanobacteria.

Funder

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo

Danish Council for Strategic

Publisher

IWA Publishing

Subject

Infectious Diseases,Microbiology (medical),Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Waste Management and Disposal,Water Science and Technology

Reference56 articles.

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