Evaluation of hydraulic adequacy of runoff disposal in urban watersheds of rapidly expanding towns

Author:

Dagnachew Adinew Chansler1,Abebe Awass Adane2,Mohammed Bushira Kedir3,Yisihak Ukumo Tigistu2,Edamo Muluneh Legesse1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. a Faculty of Hydraulic and Water Resources Engineering, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, P.O. Box 21, Ethiopia

2. b Faculty of Water Resources and Irrigation Engineering, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, P.O. Box 21, Ethiopia

3. c Faculty of Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Namibia University of Science and Technology, Namibia

Abstract

ABSTRACT The growth of cities significantly alters natural catchments by increasing impervious surfaces and necessitating the installation of an appropriate drainage system. Arba Minch is rapidly expanding and facing street flooding. The objective of this study is to assess the hydraulic adequacy of runoff disposal in urban watersheds located in rapidly expanding towns. Stormwater Management Model (SWMM) was used to perform rainfall-runoff simulation. Personal Computer SWMM (PCSWMM) was used to carry out calibration and validation in the watershed. The primary and secondary data were used. Five Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) categories identified were asphalt, cobble, vegetation, bare soil, and roof. The result shows 33.49% area is covered with highly impervious land cover. The overall calibration and validation are a very good fit with the observed flow. The total runoff volume of 9494.15 km3 was generated from the town area which is 13.7 km2. The peak runoff determined from 373 sub-catchments varied from 0.01 to 4.48 m3s−1. According to the simulated result, 7.46% of existing drainage channels were flooded. Anticipating future runoff generation, this study evaluates the inadequacy of existing drainage channels in urban areas. Hydraulic analysis is recommended before constructing drainage structures to protect from flooding.

Publisher

IWA Publishing

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