Gonorrhoea on the rise in Denmark since 2022: distinct clones drive increase in heterosexual individuals

Author:

Pedersen Thomas Roland1ORCID,Wessman Maria2ORCID,Lindegaard Mikkel1ORCID,Hallstrøm Søren1ORCID,Westergaard Casper1,Brock Inger3,Dzajic Esad4,Holmgaard Dennis Back5ORCID,Jensen Christian Salgård6,Justesen Ulrik Stenz7ORCID,Kornum Jette Brommann8ORCID,Søndergaard Turid Snekloth9,Thomsen Marianne Kragh1011ORCID,Westh Henrik1213ORCID,Østergaard Claus14ORCID,Hoffmann Steen1ORCID,Stegger Marc151ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark

2. Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark

3. Department of Clinical Microbiology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Herlev, Denmark

4. Clinical Diagnostic Department, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark

5. Department of Clinical Microbiology, Zealand University Hospital, Slagelse, Denmark

6. Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

7. Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

8. Department of Clinical Microbiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark

9. Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Aabenraa, Denmark

10. Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

11. Department of Clinical Microbiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

12. Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

13. Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark

14. Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Vejle, Denmark

15. Antimicrobial Resistance and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia

Abstract

A surge in gonorrhoea in Denmark has occurred since 2022, a 46% increase from 2021. National surveillance, leveraging mandatory reporting and epidemiological data, highlights three distinct clades linked to heterosexual transmission. Despite the rise, these exhibit high susceptibility, contrasting MSM-associated strains. Geographical hotspots and age-specific patterns further illuminate transmission dynamics. The combination of genomic and epidemiological data provides novel insights into the evolving landscape of gonorrhoea, indicating potential shifts in infection dynamics and transmissibility.

Publisher

European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC)

Reference13 articles.

1. World Health Organization (WHO). Gonorrhoea (Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection). Geneva: WHO; 2023. Available form: www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/gonorrhoea-(neisseria-gonorrhoeae-infection)

2. United Kingdom health Security Agency (UKSHA). Gonorrhoea and syphilis at record levels in 2022. London; GOV.UK; 2023. Available from: https://www.gov.uk/government/news/gonorrhoea-and-syphilis-at-record-levels-in-2022

3. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Communicable disease threats report, 18-24 June 2023, week 25. Stockholm: ECDC; 2023. Available from: www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/communicable-disease-threats-report-18-24-june-2023-week-25

4. The Danish Microbiology Database (MiBa) 2010 to 2013.;Voldstedlund;Euro Surveill,2014

5. The Danish Civil Registration System.;Pedersen;Scand J Public Health,2011

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