1. Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
2. Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
3. School of Public Health, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
4. Department of Emergency Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
5. Center on Drug and Alcohol Research, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington
6. Department of Emergency Medicine, Highland Hospital Oakland, Oakland, California