1. Associate Professor, Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Oral Growth and Development, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
2. Instructor, Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Oral Growth and Development, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
3. Professor, Division of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
4. Professor, Department of Dental Materials, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, Gwang-Ju, South Korea
5. Graduate PhD Student, Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Oral Growth and Development, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
6. Assistant Professor, Department of Endodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Ill
7. Professor and Chairman, Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Department of Oral Growth and Development, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan