Impaction and Retention of Second Molars: Diagnosis, Treatment and Outcome

Author:

Magnusson Cathrine1,Kjellberg Heidrun1

Affiliation:

1. a DDS, Specialist in Orthodontics, The County Orthodontic Clinic in Borås, Borås, Sweden.b Associate Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Institution of Odontology, Gothenburg, Sweden.Corresponding author: Dr Heidrun Kjellberg, Department of Orthodontics, Institution of Odontology, Medicinareg 12A Gothenburg, Västra Götaland SE-413 90 Sweden (heidrun.kjellberg@vgregion.se)

Abstract

Abstract Objective: To evaluate treatment outcome in patients with second molar impaction and retention. Materials and Methods: A total of 135 second molars, 65 in the maxilla and 70 in the mandible were collected from 87 patients (45 girls and 42 boys) with a mean age of 15 years (range: 11– 19 years). Available patient records, x-rays, study casts, and photos were studied. The mean follow-up period was 22 months (range: 4–106 months). Results: A total of 166 second molars were diagnosed as impacted, 24 as primary and 5 as secondarily retained; 80% of the second molars were orthodontically or surgically treated. In more than half of the treated patients the second molars failed to erupt into a proper position. Surgical exposure of the retained or impacted second molar was the treatment found most successful (71%). The least successful treatment (11%) used the third molar to replace the second molar after the second molar was extracted. No clear difference in treatment outcome could be detected between the impacted and the primary or secondary retained teeth. However, a clear difference was found between the impacted and the primary retained second molars regarding treatment strategy: 9% of the impacted and 67% of the primary retained teeth were left untreated. Dental crowding was found in 70% of the patients. Conclusion: In more than half of the treated patients the second molars failed to erupt into a proper position. The most common treatment given (extraction of the second molar) was the least successful.

Publisher

The Angle Orthodontist (EH Angle Education & Research Foundation)

Subject

Orthodontics

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1. Impacted Permanent First and Second Molars and Failure of Eruption: A Comprehensive Review for the Orthodontic Practitioner;Seminars in Orthodontics;2024-09

2. Uprighting a mesially impacted mandibular second molar with scissor bite using simple tubes;Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists;2024-08

3. Second molar eruption disturbances in borderline extraction orthodontic patients;American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics;2024-08

4. Mandibular Second Molar Impaction: Introducing a Novel and Validated 3D Classification System;2024-05-20

5. RETENTION OF MANDIBULAR MOLARS: ETIOLOGICAL FACTORS, CURRENT DIAGNOSTIC APPROACHES, AND TREATMENT OPTIONS;Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини: Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії;2023-11-03

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