New approaches to the organization of district heating

Abstract

District heating systems in Ukraine's cities are in deep crisis and need decisive action to overcome it. The crisis began long ago, in the 1990s, and is gradually deepening. Several attempts to stop this process and level the playing field at the state level have failed. At the same time, the process of intensive development of such systems has begun in the countries of Northern Europe. Moreover, both at the theoretical level and in the practical implementation of theoretical developments. According to the theoretical analysis of the life cycle of district heating systems, they are now in the fourth stage of their development in the countries of Northern Europe. This stage has the main features - low temperatures in the network (temperature graph), the combination of district heating systems with district heating systems and their deep integration into the overall energy system of cities, as well as the gradual replacement of fossil fuels with renewable energy sources. District heating systems in the cities of Ukraine are only in the second stage of development. In order to remain competitive against decentralized systems, a sharp transition to the third and at least partially the fourth stage of development of such systems is required. district heating systems are in the active phase of their expansion in European countries and have great prospects for further development, including in Ukraine. District heating systems together with cold supply systems in the process of development are integrated into the energy supply systems of cities and in general in the urban economy. Renewable heat sources will increasingly displace the equipment for combustion of excavated fuel with the prospect of complete abandonment of the latter. In order to preserve the remnants of district heating systems in Ukrainian cities, it is necessary to study and use the experience of the Nordic countries and organize this work at the state level. Unfortunately, neither the governing bodies nor the general public have this understanding. The extraordinary task is to improve the skills of managers and the operational status of city district heating systems and officials of city administrations.