The influence of biological products on the composition of the sewage sludge of milk processing enterprises

Abstract

Relevance and methods. The article addresses the issue of cleaning and disposal of an ever-increasing amount of waste from the milk processing industry. As a result of evaporation, air pollution occurs, and as a result of filtration into the soil — pollution of groundwater and nearby water bodies. Harmful gases emitted by sewage sludge exceed the maximum permissible concentrations, their smell is 4 — 5 points on the scale of organoleptic indicators. Gas generation is not controlled. They constantly enter the atmosphere. The most dangerous of them are sulfur and greenhouse (carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide) gases. The composition of wastewater sludge is significantly affected by the quality of effluents discharged by the enterprise, which, as a rule, consist of: industrial, domestic and water from heat exchange and cooling systems.Results. According to the analysis, the moisture content of bottom sediments was — 29.3–36.4%, inert substances became the main macrocomponents of sediments. They are also part of the mineral part of the soil. Based on the data of a model experiment, it was revealed that the second prototype showed the best results. So, in comparison with the control group in the second prototype, the content of organic matter decreased by 2.14%, while the reaction of the medium became more acidic, the difference was 1.3. There was also a decrease in the concentration of mobile forms of elements: phosphorus by 76.4 and potassium by 4.5 mg / kg, which in percentage terms was 26.6% and 0.6%, respectively. And the content of calcium and magnesium in sludge deposits increased by 14.2% and 10.5%, respectively.