The study of adptive potentialof the winter common wheat varieties developed by the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” according to the trait 1000-grain weight

Abstract

Introduction. 1000-grain weight is an essential element of a yield, which depends on many components that have their effect in the previous phases of ontogenesis. The analysis of the statistical parameters of correlation between 1000-grain weight and environmental conditions, the study of the adaptive properties of genotypes make it possible to select the initial material in the most orderly manner when developing highly productive wheat varieties.Methods. The objects of the study were 14 winter bread wheat varieties developed by the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy””. The work was carried out in 2018–2021 on the fields of the department of winter wheat breeding and seed production, the forecrop was sunflower, the variety Don 107 was used as a standard.Results. In the course of the current study, there has been found that the varieties Krasa Dona, Kaprizulya, Ermak, Polina, Ayuta and Premiera were characterized by a high response to environmental changes (bi = 1.12–1.30). The varieties possessing high adaptability and high stability included Kaprizulya (bi = 1.13 and S2d = 0.02) and Krasa Dona (bi = 1.12 and S2d = 0.04). The varieties Zolotoy Kolos, Zhavoronok, Podarok Krymu and Don 107 had highest homeostatic values (Hom = 27.68–38.13) and lowest coefficients of variation (Cv = 10.57–12.78%). The varieties Zolotoy Kolos, Zhavoronok and Podarok Krymu had high breeding value (Sc = 31.44–33.30) and stress resistance (from -10.20 to -11.70). The most genetically flexible varieties were Zhavoronok, Ayuta and Premiera (43.85–44.30).