Why Mature Galaxies Seem to have Filled the Universe shortly after the Big Bang — A New Cosmological Model, that Predicted the JWST Observations

Abstract

Recent observations from the first dataset, provided by NASA's James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) of six massive galaxies, at a time in the early universe, seem to defy conventional cosmological models, as they appear to be as mature and developed as our own local group. This article provides a mathematical model, which actually predicted such mature galaxies in a 2022 preprint, prior to these recent observations. As well, this model also predicts discrepancies between theoretical and observed galaxy rotation curves with apparent increased energy density.The Azimuthal Projection Model of Universe is conceptualized as a \(\mathbb{R}^4\) (four spatial) dimensional hypershere, azimuthally projected onto a \(\mathbb{R}^3\) (three spatial) dimensional sphere, and is shown to match the Universal expansion rate, as established from supernova cosmology survey points. This parsimonious model requires only a few assumptions, excluding dark energy to satisfy the Cosmological Constant \(\Lambda\).This novel model conceives the universe as a higher dimensional dynamic with spacetime as a projection, rather than as an arrow from absolute beginning of the big bang.Red-shifting is alternatively proposed as azimuthal angular projections of wavelengths \(\lambda\). Accelerated Universal Expansion is alternatively proposed, as azimuthal projections of meridians, asymptotical to a horizon, and Lambert's cosine law of luminous intensity. A radical implication of this model is that azimuthal angular projections are positional dependent, and thus it's conceivable that apparent distances between galaxies vary with the location of the observer (see figure 3). A potential proof is described from the Hubble Tension; Discrepancies between visible spectra red-shifting of cepheid variables (the most recent calculation is \(Ho=74.03 \pm 1.42km/sec/Mpc\)), and from temperature fluctuations in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) (which are calculated to be \(Ho=68.7 \pm 1.3km/sec/Mpc\)), which resolves the discrepancy by recalibrating redshift data from supernova Cosmology survey points.