A mystery mass on the placenta

Abstract

Abstract Chorioangioma or chorangioma is a benign placental tumour which occurs in 1% of the pregnancies. Large lesions of more than 4–5 cm in size, also known as giant chorangiomas, are rare with the incidence of 1:3500 and 1:9000 birth. Unlike small tumours, the giant chorangiomas are highly associated with pregnancy complications. We report a case of multiple large chorangiomas resulting in an extremely preterm delivery. A 24-year-old primigravida presented at 25 weeks of gestation for threatened preterm labour. Transabdominal ultrasound revealed an echogenic mass on the placenta measuring 8.7 × 4.4 cm. Following a successful tocolysis and administration of a course of antenatal corticosteroids, she was discharged home. At 27 weeks of gestation, she developed a second episode of preterm contractions. Besides, the foetus was found to be small for gestational age. In the second episode of preterm contractions, intravenous magnesium sulfate infusion was commenced for foetal neuroprotection. Tocolysis was commenced for severe prematurity. She went into spontaneous preterm labour. Placenta examination revealed multiple solid masses with fleshy and congested dark red surface. A histopathological examination of the placenta confirmed the diagnosis of chorangiomas. The baby was discharged in good condition at 5 months of age. Placental chorangiomas, notably when they are multiple and large in size, are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Therefore, close antenatal surveillance is necessary to allow timely recognition and intervention of pregnancy complications. Our case portrays an unexpected favourable neonatal outcome associated with a giant chorangiomas.