Feature Extraction of EEG Signals for Seizure Detection Using Machine Learning Algorthims

Abstract

Epilepsy is a central nervous system disorder in which brain activity becomes abnormal and causes periods of unusual behavior and sometimes loss of awareness. Epilepsy is a disease that may affect males or females of all ethnic groups and ages. Detecting seizures is challenging due to the difference in human behaviors and brain signals. This paper aims to automate the extraction of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals without referring to doctors using two feature extraction methods, namely Wavelet Packet decomposition (WPD) and Genetic Algorithm-Based Frequency-Domain Feature Search (GAFDS). Three machine learning algorithms were applied, namely Conventional Neural Networks (CNNs), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Random Forest (RF) to diagnose epileptic seizures. The results achieved from the classifiers show a higher accuracy rate using CNNs as a classifier and GAFDS as feature extraction reaching 97.93% accuracy while the accuracy rate of the SVM and RF was 94.49% and 88.03% respectively.