1. a Department of Geography, 260 South Central Campus Drive, Room 270 , University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA E-mail:
2. b Department of Geography , EH3611, University of California Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
3. c Pacific Southwest Research Station, Forest Fire Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service , 4955 Canyon Crest Drive , Riverside, California 92507, USA