1. a BFH Educational Consultants , Seattle , WA , 98119 , USA
2. b Department of Information & Computer Science , Metropolitan State University , Saint Paul , MN , 55106 , USA
3. c Department of Computer Science , College of Charleston , Charleston , SC , 29424 , USA
4. d Department of Computer Science & Computer Engineering , Pacific Lutheran University , Tacoma , WA , 98447 , USA
5. e Department of Computing and Software Systems , University of Washington Bothell , Bothell , WA , 98011 , USA