1. School of Geospatial Engineering and Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai , 519082, People’s Republic of China
2. Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Observation of Polar Environment (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Zhuhai, People’s Republic of China
3. International Research Center of Big Data for Sustainable Development Goals, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
4. Department of Geography, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, 27599, NC, USA
5. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, People’s Republic of China
6. School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, People’s Republic of China