1. Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ho Technical University, P.O. Box HP 217 Ho, Ghana
2. Intelligent Transportation System Research Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430063, China
3. Engineering Research Center for Transportation Safety, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University of Technology, 1040 Heping Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430063, China
4. Logistics Engineering Research Centre, Wuhan University of Technology, 1040 Heping Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430063, China
5. Department of Logistics and Transportation Services, Ghana Prisons Service, Accra, Ghana