1. School of Hotel & Restaurant Management, The W.A. Franke College of Business, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
2. College of General Education, Semyung University, Jecheon, South Korea
3. College of Hotel and Tourism Management, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, South Korea
4. School of Hospitality Management, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States