The importance of understanding: Model space moderates goal specificity effects

Author:

Kistner Saskia1,Burns Bruce D.2,Vollmeyer Regina1,Kortenkamp Ulrich3

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Psychology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany

2. School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia

3. Institute of Mathematics, University Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany

Abstract

The three-space theory of problem solving predicts that the quality of a learner's model and the goal specificity of a task interact on knowledge acquisition. In Experiment 1 participants used a computer simulation of a lever system to learn about torques. They either had to test hypotheses (nonspecific goal), or to produce given values for variables (specific goal). In the good- but not in the poor-model condition they saw torque depicted as an area. Results revealed the predicted interaction. A nonspecific goal only resulted in better learning when a good model of torques was provided. In Experiment 2 participants learned to manipulate the inputs of a system to control its outputs. A nonspecific goal to explore the system helped performance when compared to a specific goal to reach certain values when participants were given a good model, but not when given a poor model that suggested the wrong hypothesis space. Our findings support the three-space theory. They emphasize the importance of understanding for problem solving and stress the need to study underlying processes.

Funder

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Physiology (medical),General Psychology,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology,General Medicine,Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology,Physiology

Cited by 4 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献 订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

1. Representational Change and the Use of Metaphors in Problem Solving;EXPLOR COGN PSYCHOL;2023-05-16

2. Introduction;Representational Change and the Use of Metaphors in Problem Solving;2023-05-16

3. Franco-Taiwanese Research on Extended Reality Experience;Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education;2022-01-13

4. Model development in scientific discovery learning with a computer-based physics task;Computers in Human Behavior;2016-06

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