1. Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA;
2. Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA;
3. Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA;
4. UniCesumar, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil;
5. Department of Medicine, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil;
6. School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda