1. College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa 252-0880, Japan
2. Faculty of Environment System, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimachi, Bunkyodai, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan
3. Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, W5 N10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
4. International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 930 Koyukuk Drive, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7340, USA
5. Earth Observation Research Centre, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305-8505, Japan
6. Centre for Environmental Research, Bogor Agricultural University, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
7. School of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Miyagi University, 2-2-1 Hatadate, Taihaku-ku, Sendai 982-0215, Japan
8. The Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, 7 MBL Street, Woods Hole, MA 02543-1015, USA
9. Faculty of Urban Management, Fukuyama City University, 2 Minatomachi, Fukuyama 721-0964, Japan