1. Allen, M. Comparison of four solutions to the problem of message variation. Paper presented at the Midwestern Mini‐Conference on Methodology. Ann Arbor, Michigan.
2. Allen, M., Agee, P., Berkowitz‐Stafford, S., Dillon, K., Jackson, R., Ray, C., Stafford, S. and Shannahan, W. Testing a model of message sidedness and message generalizability. Paper presented at the International Communication Association Convention. San Francisco, California.
3. Allen, M. and Reynolds, R. The Elaboration Likelihood Model and the sleeper effect Time after time after time. Paper presented at the International Communication Association Convention. San Francisco, California.
4. Threats to generalization in the use of elicited, purloined, and contrived messages in human communication research