1. School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
2. Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
3. Bee health laboratory, Fera Science Ltd, York, UK
4. Division of Infectious Animal Disease Research, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
5. Institute for Bee Protection, Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Braunschweig, Germany
6. Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
7. Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
8. Swiss Bee Research Center, Bern, Switzerland
9. NSW Department of Primary Industries, Microbiology & Parasitology, Elizabeth Macarthur Agricultural Institute, Menangle, NSW, Australia
10. Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
11. Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
12. Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College, London, UK