1. Charles Kaiser, The Gay Metropolis, 1940–1996 (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1997), 18–19.
2. Edward Alwood, Straight News: Gays, Lesbians, and the News Media (New York: Columbia University Press, 1996), 14–15.
3. Scott M. Cutlip, Public Relations History: From the 17th to the 20th Century, The Antecedents (Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1995), 264–78.