1. ‘But when we come to matters with a European element, the Treaty is like an incoming tide. It flows into the estuaries and up the rivers. It cannot be held back.’ Lord Denning MR in H.P. Bulmer Ltd. and Another v. J. Bollinger S.A. and Others [1974] Ch. 401, 418.
2. Art. 69 of the EA-Czech Republic read: ‘The Contracting parties recognize that the major precondition for the Czech Republic’s economic integration into the Community is the approximation of the Czech Republic’s existing and future legislation to that of the Community. The Czech Republic shall endeavour to ensure that its legislation will be gradually made compatible with that of the Community.’ (Europe Agreement establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Czech Republic, of the other part, OJ 1994 L 360/2).
3. Polish Constitutional Tribunal, case K 15/97 (Re Gender Equality in the Civil Service), OTK 19/1997, p. 380. English translation of the judgment available in 5 E.Eur.Case Rep. of Const. L. (1998) p. 271, at p. 284. See also Z. Kühn, ‘The Application of European Law in the New Member States: Several (Early) Predictions’, 6 GLJ (2005) pp. 563–582.
4. Czech Constitutional Court, Case Pl. ÚS 5/01, judgment of 16 October 2001 (Milk Quota case), published as no 410/2001 Coll.; English translation available at http://www.concourt.cz.
5. High Court in Olomouc, decision of 14 November 1996, published in 5(9) Právní rozhledy (1997) p. 484.