1. On the latter, seeW.L. Giusti, L. Georghiou, The use of co-nomination analysis in real-time evaluation of R & D programme,Scientometrics, 14 (1988) 265–281; and for general background on bibliometrics seeF. Narin,Evaluative Bibliometrics: the Use of Publication and Citation Analysis in the Evaluation of Scientific Activity, Contract NSF C-627, National Science Foundation, 31 March, 1976, Monograph: 466.
2. For details see the early chapters inM. Callon, J. Law, A. Rip (Eds),Mapping the Dynamics of Science and Technology: Sociology of Science in the Real World, London, Macmillan, 1986; see alsoM. Callon, J. Law, On the construction of sociotechnical networks: Content and context revisited,Knowledge and Society, 9 (1989) 57–83; andB. Latour,Science in Action: How to Follow Scientists and Engineers Through Society, Milton Keynes, Open University Press, 1987.
3. See Chapters two, three and four inCallon, Law, Rip, ibid.
4. SeeP. Healey, H. Rothman, P.K. Hoch, An experiment in science mapping for research planning,Research Policy, 15 (1986) 233–251.
5. Ibid..