Abstract
AbstractThe global amount of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) is growing fast. Non-ferrous metals represent a large portion of this waste, and they can be potentially recovered via black copper smelting. Alumina and magnesia, originating from the e-waste or fluxes, can be present in the feed of a secondary copper smelter in varying concentrations. Our study focuses on the impact of MgO on the slag chemistry of high-alumina iron silicate slags. The distributions of tin and nickel as minor elements were also investigated and compared with literature data. The equilibrium study was performed at 1300 °C in reducing conditions. Three different slag mixtures with 0, 3, and 6 wt% MgO were used in the study. The MgO addition significantly reduced the solubility of alumina in the slag and changed the primary spinel phase composition. The combined effects of increasing MgO and decreasing Al2O3 concentration in the slag regarding the distribution of tin were noticeable, i.e., its deportment to metal phase increased, but for nickel the effect was negligible. Theoretical calculations were performed for estimating the isolated effect of MgO on the distributions and they confirmed the beneficial effect on the behavior of tin but showed no impact for nickel.
Graphical Abstract
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Metals and Alloys,Mechanics of Materials,Environmental Science (miscellaneous)
Reference43 articles.
1. Baldé CP, Forti V, Gray V, Kuehr R, Stegmann P (2017) The Global E-waste Monitor 2017, United Nations University (UNU), International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and International Solid Waste Association (ISWA), Bonn. https://collections.unu.edu/eserv/UNU:6341/Global-E-waste_Monitor_2017_electronic_single_pages_pdf. Accessed 8 April 2020
2. Ongondo FO, Williams ID, Cherrett TJ (2011) How are WEEE doing? A global review of the management of electrical and electronic wastes. Waste Manag 31:714–730. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2010.10.023
3. Charles RG, Douglas P, Dowling M, Liversage G, Davies ML (2020) Towards increased recovery of critical raw materials from WEEE—evaluation of CRMs at a component level and pre-processing methods for interface optimisation with recovery processes. Resour Conserv Recycl. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104923
4. Ghodrat M, Rhamdhani MA, Brooks G, Rashidi M, Samali B (2017) A thermodynamic-based life cycle assessment of precious metal recycling out of waste printed circuit board through secondary copper smelting. Environ Dev 24:36–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envdev.2017.07.001
5. Cui J, Zhang L (2008) Metallurgical recovery of metals from electronic waste: A review. J Hazard Mater 158:228–256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.02.001
Cited by
15 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献，注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献，订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献