Design of a direct-detection wind and aerosol lidar for mars orbit
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Published:2020-02-17
Issue:2
Volume:12
Page:149-162
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ISSN:1868-2502
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Container-title:CEAS Space Journal
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language:en
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Short-container-title:CEAS Space J
Author:
Cremons Daniel R.ORCID, Abshire James B., Sun Xiaoli, Allan Graham, Riris Haris, Smith Michael D., Guzewich Scott, Yu Anthony, Hovis Floyd
Abstract
AbstractThe present knowledge of the Mars atmosphere is greatly limited by a lack of global measurements of winds and aerosols. Hence, measurements of height-resolved wind and aerosol profiles are a priority for new Mars orbiting missions. We have designed a direct-detection lidar (MARLI) to provide global measurements of dust, winds and water ice profiles from Mars orbit. From a 400-km polar orbit, the instrument is designed to provide wind and backscatter measurements with a vertical resolution of 2 km and with resolution of 2° in latitude along track. The instrument uses a single-frequency, seeded Nd:YAG laser that emits 4 mJ pulses at 1064 nm at a 250 Hz pulse rate. The receiver utilizes a 50-cm diameter telescope and a double-edge Fabry-Pérot etalon as a frequency discriminator to measure the Doppler shift of the aerosol-backscatter profiles. The receiver also includes a polarization-sensitive channel to detect the cross-polarized backscatter profiles from water ice. The receiver uses a sensitive 4 × 4 pixel HgCdTe avalanche photodiode array as a detector for all signals. Here we describe the measurement concept, instrument design, and calculate its performance for several cases of Mars atmospheric conditions. The calculations show that under a range of atmospheric conditions MARLI is capable of measuring wind speed profiles with random error of 2–4 m/s within the first three scale heights, enabling vertically resolved mapping of transport processes in this important region of the atmosphere.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Space and Planetary Science,Aerospace Engineering
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