1. C. A. Mead and L. Conway , Introduction to VLSI Systems, Addison- Wesley, Reading, MA 1979.
2. R. P. Brent and H. T. Kung, “The chip complexity of binary arithmetic,” Proceedings of the 12th Symposium on Theory of Computing, Los Angeles, pp. 190–200; April 1980.
3. C. D. Thompson, “A complexity theory for VLSI,” Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Computer Science, Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, August 1980.
4. B. Chazelle and L. Monier, “A model of computation for VLSI with related complexity results,” Tech. Rep., Department of Computer Science, Carnegie-Mellon University, February 1981.
5. C. L. Seitz, “System liming,” Chap. 7, in C. Mead and L. Conway, Introduction to VLSI Systems, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA 1979.