Abstract
AbstractFly and bottom ash (FABA) produced primarily from coal combustion in a coal-fired power plant consists of fine particles of the organic and inorganic mixture and trace elements. Eight FABA samples from coal-fired power plants in Java, Indonesia, had been collected for composition and rare earth element and Yttrium (REY) mode of occurrence identification. The geochemical composition of both major and trace elements was determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry/atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-MS/AES). Furthermore, the composition of FABA was identified by petrography with reflected light microscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Simultaneously, scanning electron microscope determines the mode of occurrence of REY with an energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM–EDX). The study finds that the inorganic component of FABA consists of glass, Fe–Mg spinel, mullite, quartz, Fe-oxide mineral, and K-feldspar. In contrast, the organic component is dominated by unburned coal. Glass is the most abundant component with cenospheres as major and pleiospheres as minor constituents. Trace elements analysis indicates REY concentration with heavy REY (HREY) distribution pattern. Moreover, SEM–EDX analysis results show that Yttrium (Y) occurs in glass and has a low concentration in spinel. From the mode occurrence of REY, in particular Yttrium, it can be predicted that alkaline fusion followed by acid leaching will be the most appropriate extraction method to extract REY from Indonesian FABA.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Energy Engineering and Power Technology,Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology
Reference37 articles.
1. Anggara F, Amijaya DH, Harijoko A, Tambaria TN, Sahri AA, Asa ZAN (2018) Rare earth element and yttrium content of coal in the Banko coalfield, South Sumatra Basin, Indonesia: contributions from tonstein layers. Int J Coal Geol 196:159–172
2. Anggara F, Cikasimi M, Rahmat B, Wibisono SA, Susilawati R (2019) Karakteristik dan genesa pengayaan unsur-unsur tanah jarang pada batubara Lapangan Batubara Muara Tiga Besar Utara, Tanjung Enim, Cekungan Sumatera Selatan. Buletin Sumber Daya Geologi 14(3):189–212
3. Anggara F, Petrus HTBM, Patria AA, Bangun AS (2020) Preliminary study of rare earth element and yttrium (REY) content of coal in Sangatta Coalfield, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Indonesian J Geosci 7(3):301–314
4. ASTM D2799-05a (2005) Standard test method for microscopical determination of the maceral composition of coal. ASTM International, USA
5. ASTM D-3174 (2015) Standard test method for ash in the analysis samples of coal and coke from coal. ASTM International, USA
Cited by
9 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献