1. The term “Received View”, coined by H. Putnam, has gained considerable circulation for the tradition of the philosophy of science inspired by the Vienna Circle and Reichenbach's Berlin School. For an excellent summary of criticisms of the Received View and for the existing available alternatives, see the introduction by F. Suppe, in F. Suppe (ed.).The Structure of Scientific Theories, pp. 3–243 (Urbana, Ill., University of Illinois Press, 1974).
2. K. Popper,Objective Knowledge (London, Oxford Univ. Press, 1972); T. S. Kuhn,Structure of Scientific Revolutions (Chicago, Univ. Press, 1962); I. Lakatos and A. Musgrave,Criticism and Growth of Knowledge (Cambridge Univ. Press, London, 1970); I. Lakatos, “History of Science and its rational reconstruction“,Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science, vol.3, ed. by M. Wartofsky and R. S. Cohen (New York, Humanities Press, 1967), pp. 91–136; P. Feyerabend, “Problems of Empiricism, I” in Colodny, R. (ed.)Beyond the Edge of Certainty (Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh Univ. Press, 1965), pp. 145–260, “Problems of Empiricism II“, in Colodny, R. (ed.),Nature and Function of Scientific Theories (Pittsburgh, Univ. of Pittsburgh Press, 1970), pp. 275–355.
3. An excellent bibliography of the mentioned authors is contained in F. Suppe (ed.),The Structure of Scientific Theories, op. cit., and in a review article by T. Kisiel with G. Johnson, “New Philosophies of Science in the USA: Selective Survey”,Zeit. f. Allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie, 5 (1974), pp. 138–191.
4. T. S. Kuhn,Structure of Scientific Revolutions, op. cit.
5. Published and unpublished sources will be used in this study. The unpublished sources are in theArchive for the History of Quantum Physics (hereafter referred to as AHQP) compiled and maintained by a Joint Committee of theAmerican Physical Society and theAmerican Philosophical Society, Philadelphia, on the History of Theoretical Physics in the Twentieth Century. TheArchive is deposited, in original or duplicate form, at the Library of the American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia, at the Bancroft Library of the University of California, Berkeley, at the Niels Bohr Library, American Institute of Physics, New York, and at the Universitets Institut for Teoretisk Fysik, Copenhagen, Denmark. The Archive contains documents on the history of quantum physics and taped interviews conducted by T. S. Kuhn, J. L. Heilbron and others with Heisenberg, Niels Bohr and other quantum physicists. All the interviews cited or referred to were with T. S. Kuhn. Reference and citation will be by date of interview. The writer was enabled to consult this material by permission of the Joint Committee referred to above through the courtesy of Dr. Charles Weiner, formerly Director of theCenter for the History and Philosophy of Physics, a division of the AIP, New York, and Mrs Joan Warnow, presently Acting Director of theCenter. Permission to quote from the unpublished material was kindly given by Professor Werner Heisenberg and the Joint Committee. The principal published sources for the biographical material are W. Heisenberg, “Erinnerungen an die Zeit der Entwicklung der Quantum Mechanik”, inTheoretical Physics in the Twentieth Century: Memorial Volume to Wolfgang Pauli, ed. by M. Fierz and J. F. Weisskopf (New York, Interscience, 1960), pp. 40–7; “The Development of the Interpretation of Physics”, inNiels Bvhr and the Development of Physics, ed. by W. Pauli (New York, McGraw-Hill, 1955), pp. 12–29;Physics and Philosophy (New York, Harper and Row, World Perspectives Series, vol. 19, 1958) — hereafter referred to as PP;Physics and Beyond, (Harper and Row, World Perspectives Series, vol. 42, 1971) — hereafter referred to as PB;Across the Frontiers, trans., from the German by Peter Heath (Harper und Row, World Perspectives, Series, vol. 48, 1974) — hereafter referred to as AF.