Abstract
AbstractThe frequency, strength and seasonal variations of surface-based temperature inversions (SBTIs) in Upper Silesia (Southern Poland) were examined using data from January 2001 to September 2020. Based on the air temperatures recorded at the meteorological station of the Institute of Earth Sciences in Sosnowiec (263 m a.s.l.) at heights of 2 m and 88 m above the ground, the vertical temperature gradient of the 100-m layer (γSos100 m) was determined. A lapse rate of γSos100 m > 0.5 K was defined as a temperature inversion. The measurements for 00 UTC (midnight) and 12 UTC (midday) were compared with data from the upper air station in Wrocław (116 m a.s.l.) located in the Lower Silesia Lowland, approximately 170 km NW of Sosnowiec. Based on soundings from Wrocław, in addition to the temperature gradient in the lower 100-m layer of air (γWrc100), three other characteristics of SBTIs were calculated: inversion depth (ID) or thickness in metres, inversion strength (ΔTi) in K and vertical temperature gradients across the whole SBTI layer γi in K 100 m−1. On an annual basis, the frequency of nighttime SBTIs (γ > 0.5 K 100 m−1) ranged from 47% in Sosnowiec to almost 59% in Wrocław. At both stations, the fewest SBTIs occurred in winter (23–38%) and the most in summer (64–75%). Moreover, they were more frequent in spring (52–61%) than in autumn (49–59%). The SBTI frequency was very low during the midday hours, amounting to 0.6–0.7% days a year, and it increased to 1–2% only in winter. Annually, the depth of 81% of inversions ranged between 50 and 300 m, varying seasonally from almost 67% in winter to 87% in summer. The presented research shows that SBTIs in winter were among the main factors contributing to a high concentration of particulate matter pollutants in the ground-level atmosphere. During nights with temperature inversions, the annual mean PM10 concentration reached 125% of the mean value, ranging from 114% in summer to 189% in winter.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Reference52 articles.
1. Abdul-Wahab SA, Al-Saifi SY, Alrumhi BA, Abdulraheem MY, Al-Uraimi M (2004) Determination of features of the low-level temperature inversions above a suburban site in Oman using radiosonde temperature measurements: Long-term analysis. J Geophys Res 109(D20101):1–9. https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD004543
2. Bokwa A (2011) Influence of air temperature inversions on the air pollution dispersion conditions in Krakow. Instytut Geografii i Gospodarki Przestrzennej Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Kraków Prace Geograficzne 126:41–51
3. Bourne SM, Bhatt US, Zhang J, Thoman R (2010) Surface-based temperature inversions in Alaska from a climate perspective. Atmos Res 95(2–3):353–366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2009.09.013
4. Bradley RS, Keimig FT, Diaz HF (1992) Climatology of surface-based inversions in the North American Arctic. J Geophys Res 97(D14):15699–15712. https://doi.org/10.1029/92JD01451
5. Brümmer B, Lange I, Know H (2012) Atmospheric boundary layer measurements at the 280 m high Hamburg weather mast 1995–2011: mean annual and diurnal cycles. Meteorol Z 21(4):319–335. https://doi.org/10.1127/0941-2948/2012/0338
Cited by
11 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献