1. E.g., 1 Cor. 7:12–16.
2. The standard treatments of Jewish-Christian relations during this period rely heavily on the canons, since they provide a large share of the surviving evidence. See, e.g., Salo W. Baron,A Social and Religious History of the Jews, 2nd ed., 15 vols. (Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, 1952–73), 3:26–36, 4:14–18, 51–57, 11:78–87; Bernhard Blumenkranz,Juifs et chrétiens dans le monde occidental, 430–1096 (Paris and The Hague: Mouton, 1960), 320–21; P. D. King,Law and Society in the Visigothic Kingdom (Cambridge: The University Press, 1972), 135–36; Jacob R. Marcus,The Jew in the Medieval World (New York: Harper & Row, 1965), 4–5, 101; James Parkes,The Conflict of the Church and the Synagogue: A Study in the Origins of Antisemitism (New York: World Publishing Co.; Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, 1961), 250, 256, 322, 324, 351; Edward A. Synan,The Popes and the Jews in the Middle Ages (New York: Macmillan, 1965), 25–26, 61.
3. The standard treatment of canonical development during this period is Gabriel Le Bras, Charles Lefebvre, and Jacqueline Rambaud,L'âge classique, 1140–1378: Sources et théorie du droit (Paris: Sirey, 1965), which is vol. 7 ofHistoire du droit et des institutions de l'église en Occident.
4. Studies of canonical Jewry law during the classical period that have been particularly helpful in preparing this paper include Emilio Bussi, “La condizione giuridica dei musulmani nel diritto canonico,”Rivista di storia del diritto italiano 8 (1935):459–94; Francisco Cantelar Rodríguez,El matrimonio de herejes: Bifurcacion del impedimentum disparis cultus y divorcio por herejia (Salamanca: Instituto San Raimundo de Peñafort, 1972); Vittore Colorni,Legge ebraica e leggi locali: Ricerche sull'ambito d'applicazione del diritto ebraico in Italia dall'epoca Romana al secolo XIX (Milano: A. Giuffré, 1945); Henri Gilles, “Commentaires méridionaux des prescriptions canoniques sur les Juifs,” inJuifs et judaïsme de Languedoc, Cahiers de Fanjeaux, vol. 12 (Toulouse: Edouard Privat, 1977), 23–50; Solomon Grayzel,The Church and the Jews in the XIIIth Century: A Study of Their Relations During the Years 1198–1254 (Philadelphia: Dropsie College, 1933); Peter Herde, “Christians and Saracens at the Time of the Crusades: Some Comments of Contemporary Canonists,”Studia Gratiana 12 (1967):359–76; Walter Holtzmann, “Zur päpstlichen Gesetzgebung über die Juden im 12. Jahrhundert,” inFestschrift Guido Kisch: Rechtshistorische Forschungen anlässlich des 60. Gebutstags dargebracht von Freunden, Kollegen und Schülern (Stuttgart: W. Kohlhammer, 1955), 217–35; Diane Owen Hughes, “Distinguishing Signs: Ear-Rings, Jews, and Franciscan Rhetoric in the Italian Renaissance City,”Past & Present 112 (1986):3–59; Benjamin Z. Kedar,Crusade and Mission: European Approaches Toward the Muslims (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1984); Guido Kisch,Jewry-Law in Medieval Germany: Laws and Court Decisions Concerning the Jews (New York: American Academy for Jewish Research, 1949; AAJR, Texts and Studies, vol. 3), andThe Jews in Medieval Germany (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1949); F. Donald Logan, “Thirteen London Jews and Conversion to Christianity: Problems of Apostasy in the 1280s,”Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research 45 (1972):214–29; Frederic William Maitland, “The Deacon and the Jewess: Or, Apostasy at Common Law,”Law Quarterly Review 2 (1896):153–65, reprinted in Maitland'sCollected Papers, ed. H. A. L. Fisher, 3 vols. (Cambridge: The University Press, 1911), 1:385–406; Francesco Margiotta Broglio, “Il divieto per gli ebrei de accedere alle ariche pubbliche e il problema della giurisdizione ecclesiastica sugli infedeli nel sistema canonistico fino alle Decretali di Gregorio IX: Appunti e ricerche,” inEtudes d'histoire de droit canonique dédiées à Gabriel Le Bras, 2 vols. (Paris: Sirey, 1965), 2:1071–85; Franco Molinari, “Gregorio X e gli ebrei,”Archivio storico per le provincie parmensi, 4th ser., 28 (1976), 83–91; James Muldoon,Popes, Lawyers, and Infidels: The Church and the Non-Christian World, 1250–1550 (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1979); Walter Pakter, “De his qui foris sunt: The Teachings of the Medieval Canon and Civil Lawyers Concerning the Jews,” Ph.D. diss., Johns Hopkins University, 1974, and “Did the Canonists Prescribe a Jewry-Oath?”Bulletin of Medieval Canon Law (hereafter cited as BMCL) 6 (1976):81–87; Diego Quaglioni, “Inter Iudeos et Christianos commertia sunt permissa: ‘Questione ebraica’ e usura in Baldo degli Ubaldi (c. 1327–1400),” inAspetti e problemi della presenza ebraica nell'Italia centro-settentrionale (secoli XIV e XV) (Roma: Istituto di scienze storiche, 1983), 273–305; Antonio Domingo de Sousa Costa, “Canonistarum doctrina de Judeis et Saracenis tempore Concilii Constantiensis,”Antonianum 40 (1965):3–70; Moritz Stern,Urkundliche Beiträge über die Stellung der Päpste zu den Juden, 2 vols. in 1 (Kiel: H. Fiencke, 1893–95; reprint, Farnsborough, Hants.: Gregg, 1970); Joshua Trachtenberg,The Devil and the Jews: The Medieval Conception of the Jew and Its Relation to Modern Antisemitism (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1943).
5. Johannes Teutonicus,Glos. ord. to C. 28 q. 1 c. 12 v.publicis: “Argumentum quod ecclesia iudicat de iis qui foris sunt, quod uerum est quantum ad corporales penas: cum enim peccant possunt uerbarari uel alio modo corporaliter mulctari de precepto episcopi uel principis, argum. 17 q. 4 Constituit [c. 31] et extra de rapt., In archiepiscopatu [X 5.17.4]; et alia etiam poena possunt puniri, ut extra de usu., Post miserabilem [X 5.19.2]. Sed quantum ad spiritualem penam ecclesia non iudicat de illis, quia non potest eos excommunicare, quia qui in ecclesia non est ab ecclesia separari non potest, ut 11 q. 4 Omnis christianus [C. 11 q. 3 c. 32].” TheGlos. ord. to theDecretum and other texts of theCopus iuris canonici cited throughout are from the Venice edition of 1605 in four volumes, while the texts of the law itself are cited from the standard two-volume edition of theCorpus by Emil Friedberg (Leipzig: B. Tauchnitz, 1879; reprint, Graz: Akademische Druck — u. Verlagsanstalt, 1959). For the conventional canonistic citation system seeTraditio 11 (1955):438–39 and “Notes for Contributers” in BMCL 11 (1981):137–39. On Johannes Teutonicus generally see Svein Stelling-Michaud, “Jean le Teutonique,” inDictionnaire de droit canonique (hereafter cited as DDC), ed. R. Naz, 7 vols. (Paris: Letouzey & Ané, 1935–65), 6:120–22, and Stephan Kuttner, “Johannes Teutonicus,” inNeue deutsche Biographie (Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 1953-), 10:571–73.