1. Popper, Die beiden Grundprobleme der Erkenntnistheorie [1930–33] (Tubingen: Mohr, 1979), p. 136. (Henceforth: Grundprobleme.) Revised, the first half of the quotation (to ‘they will carry the structure“) concluded section 30 of Logik der Forschung: Zur Erkenntnistheorie moderner Naturwissenschaft (Vienna: Julius Springer, 1935), pp. 66–67. (Henceforth: Logik. The English edition, The Logic of Scientific Discovery,trans. Karl Popper [London: Hutchinson, 1959] is quoted as LSD.)
2. Noretta Koertge, ed., A House Built on Sand: Exposing Postmodernist Myths About Science ( New York: Oxford University Press, 1998 ).
3. Nancy Cartwright, Jordi Cat, Lola Fleck, and Thomas Uebel, Otto Neurath: Philosophy between Science and Politics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996); Jordi Cat, “The PopperNeurath Debate and Neurath’s Attack on Scientific Method,” Studies in History and Philosophy of Science, 26 (1995): 219–250; Malachi Hacohen, “The Making of the Open Society” (Ph.D. diss., Columbia University, 1993), chap. 6; Thomas Uebel, Overcoming Logical Positivism From Within (Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1992 ); Danilo Zolo, Reflexive Epistemology: The Philosophical Legacy of Otto Neurath ( Boston: Reidel, 1989 ).
4. Yet, they swim against the current, and I find this admirable.
5. The term “modified conventionalism” belongs to Joseph Agassi: Science in Flux (Boston: Reidel, 1975), pp. 365–403. The notions of “foundation” and “basis” were used in the 1930s, but the terms “foundationism” and “nonfoundationism” are of recent vintage.