1. Ahmad, K. 2007. Artificial ontologies and real thoughts: Populating the semantic web? (Invited Keynote Speech). In Lecture notes on artificial intelligence series (4733) – Proceedings of 10th Annual Congress of Italian Ass. of Art. Intelligence, eds. R. Basili and M.T. Pazienza, 3–23. Berlin: Springer.
2. Ahmad, K. 2007. Being in text and text in being: Notes on representative texts. In Incorporating Corpora: The linguist and the translator, eds. G. Anderman and M. Rogers, 60–94. Clevedon, England: Multilingual Matters.
3. Almas, Y., and K. Ahmad. 2007. A note on extracting ‘sentiments’ in financial news in English, Arabic & Urdu, The Second Workshop on Computation, al Approaches to Arabic Scriptbased Languages, Linguistic Society of America 2007 Linguistic Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California., Linguistic Society of America, pp. 1–12.
4. Althaus, S., J. Edy, P. Phalen. 2001. Using substitutes for full-text news stories in content analysis: Which text is best? American Journal of Political Science 45(3):707–723.
5. Bauwens, L., W.B. Omrane, and P. Giot. 2005. News announcements, market activity and volatility in the Euro/Dollar foreign exchange market. Journal of International Money and Finance 24:1108–1125.