1. Abernathy, William J. and James M. Utterback, 1978. “The Pattern of Industrial Innovation”, Technology Review ,80 (June-July), 41–47.
2. Alchian, Armen, 1951. “Uncertainty, Evolution and Economic Theory,” Journal of Political Economy ,68, 211–21.
3. Allen, Gary, 1981. “Industrial Policy and Innovation in Japan,” in C. Carter (ed.), Industrial Policy and Innovation. London: Heinemann.
4. Allen, Peter M., 1988. “Evolution, Innovation and Economics,” in G. Dosi et
al. (eds.), Technical Change and Economic Theory. London: Pinter Publishers, Ltd.
5. Arrow, Kenneth, 1962. “Economic Welfare and the Allocation of Resources to Invention,” in National Bureau of Economic Research, The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity. Princeton: Princeton University Press.