1. Alemán J, Álvarez A (2001) Seamless formalizing the UML semantics through metamodeling. In: Siau K et al (eds) Unified modeling language: systems analysis, design and development issues. Idea Group Publishing, Hershey
2. Andersen P (1990) A theory of computer semiotics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
3. Barjis J, Chong S, Dietz J, Liu K (2002) Development of agent-based e-commerce systems using semiotic approach and DEMO transaction concept. Int J Inf Technol Decis Mak 1(3):491–510
4. Barron T, Chiang R, Storey V (1999) A semiotics framework for information system classification and development. Decis Support Syst 25:1–17. doi: 10.1016/S0167-9236(98)00088-8
5. Barthes R, Smith M, Knott R, Berger J, Alty J (1994) Minimizing conceptual baggage: making choices about metaphor. In: People and Computers IX. HCI’94. Glasgow, August, pp 179–194