Theobroma cacao: Somatic Embryogenesis

Author:

Guillou Caroline,Verdier Dorothée

Abstract

AbstractA two-step process combining direct and indirect somatic embryogenesis, on solid and liquid medium, respectively is described forTheobroma cacao L.Staminodes and petals from unopened bud flowers are used to induce primary direct embryos. Then, these primary embryos are cut to produce embryogenic calli which will develop secondary embryos. This step of indirect SE allows us to produce large quantities of embryos and to do mass propagation using liquid culture medium. Despite a very strong clone dependency and high batch-to-batch variability, about 80% ofT. cacaocultivars respond to somatic embryogenesis and can be propagated by this method.

Publisher

Springer US

Reference15 articles.

1. Masseret B, Vachet C, Florin B, Gianforcaro M, Fillodeau A, Brulard E, Bouquet J-F, Alvarez M, Broun P (2008) Propagation of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) by somatic embryogenesis and field performance of the trees. In: Paper presented at the Indonesian Cocoa Symposium, Bali, Indonesia, 28–29 October 2008

2. Masseret B, Gianforcaro M, Bouquet J-F, Brulard E, Florin B (2009) Somatic embryogenesis applied to the creation of a cocoa collection. Malaysian Cocoa J 5:1–10

3. Guillou C, Fillodeau A, Brulard E, Breton D, De Faria MS, Verdier D, Simon M, Ducos J-P (2018) Indirect somatic embryogenesis of Theobroma cacao L. in liquid medium and improvement of embryo-to-plantlet conversion rate. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant 54(4):377–391

4. Fontanel A, Gire-Bobin S, Labé G, Favereau P, Alvarez M, Von Rutte S, Pétiard V (2002) In vitro multiplication and plant regeneration of Theobroma cacao L. viable stable embryogenic calli. In: Paper presented at the 10th IAPTC congress, Plant Biotechnology, Orlando, FLorida, USA, 23–28 June 2002

5. Florin B, Masseret B, Vachet C (2007) Cocoa somatic embryogenesis. European patent 2 067 401 B1, 12 april 2007

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